Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Early and Late Neonatal Sepsis
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- Category: Vol. 93, March 2025
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Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Early and Late Neonatal Sepsis, GHADA A. SHOUSHA, KHALED S. AWAD, ABDALLAH E. MOHAMMED, SARA M. ABD ELHAMID and TAYSEER M. GAD
Abstract
Background: Neonatal Sepsis (NS) is a major health risk for newborns, particularly those bornpreterm, and is a primary contributor to morbidity. Research has identified Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) as a key player in the devel opment of sepsis and other immunerelated diseases. Aim of Study: The current research aimed to quantify MIFconcentrations in neonates with early and late-onset sepsis and correlate its levels with other key clinical and laboratory indi cators in comparison to non-septic neonates. Patients and Methods: Thiscross-sectional research was conducted from March to September 2023 and involved 32 neonates with Early-Onset (EONS, n=16) and Late-Onset (LONS, n=16) neonatal sepsis, confirmed by positive blood cultures, compared to another 32 non-septic neonates (con trols), matched for age and gender. All neonates underwent ba sic laboratory tests, and MIF levels were assessed using ELISA. Results: The mean levels of MIF were significantly high er in both early-onset (169.11±51.88ng/ml) and late-onset (150.6±57.43ng/ml) neonatal sepsis groups, in comparison with the non-septic group (41.97±17.5ng/ml, p-value=0.000). The two groups with sepsisexhibited comparable MIF values. A cutoffvalue >66.7ng/ml for MIF levels was determined to dis criminate between septic and non-septic neonates with (100% sensitivity; 96.87% specificity; positive predictive value: 97%; negative predictive value: 100%; AUC: 0.997). Furthermore, MIF levels were negatively correlated with absolute lympho cytic count, PH level in early-onset and random blood glucose in late-onset neonatal sepsis groups. Conclusion: MIF could be an excellent and early diagnos tic marker for NS even in preterm neonates. Further studies are needed to correlate MIF levels with severity of neonatal sep sis and compare the diagnostic and prognostic utility of Mac- rophage Migration Inhibitory Factor with other inflammatory biomarkers, like procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein (CRP).